The 2 stroke headpipe is designed to create a area of pressure and large volume , as the exhaust gas exits the head under the initial restriction it creates velocity , then the chamber gets bigger and allows the exhaust gas to slow down and expand ( expansion chamber ) then its compressed again and is forced out the silencer . The expansion chamber does 2 jobs , it creates vacuum and back pressure . The vacuum is created at the end of the headpipe where its diameter is decreased and this is where the scavenging effect happends , the backpressure occurs in the fat section where the scavenged exhaust expands and creates a backwards pressure wave that gives resistance to the combustion chamber so the current fuel air mixture isn't sucked out . In the normal 2 stroke cycle there is a point where the intake and exhaust ports are open at the same time , which creates velocity for the incoming charge and without the exhaust being designed the way it is , much of the fuel air mix would be sucked through the chamber without ever being burned . Hopefully that makes sense .